1. Selenium
Selenium is an open-source automation testing tool that is widely used for web application testing. It provides a framework for automating web browsers and allows testers to write test scripts in various programming languages such as Java, Python, C#, etc. Selenium supports multiple browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Internet Explorer.
2. WebDriver
WebDriver is a component of Selenium that provides a programming interface for interacting with web browsers. It allows testers to automate browser actions such as clicking buttons, filling forms, navigating through pages, etc. WebDriver supports multiple programming languages and provides a rich set of methods to interact with web elements.
3. WebElement
WebElement represents an element on a web page. It can be a button, a text field, a dropdown, or any other HTML element. Testers use WebElement to perform actions like clicking, typing, selecting, etc. on web elements. WebElement provides methods to interact with the properties and attributes of web elements.
4. Locator
Locator is a way to identify web elements on a web page. It is used by Selenium to locate and interact with web elements. There are different types of locators available in Selenium, such as ID, Name, Class Name, Tag Name, Link Text, and Partial Link Text. Testers use locators to uniquely identify web elements and perform actions on them.
5. Test Case
A test case is a set of instructions or steps that need to be executed to verify the functionality of a specific feature or behavior of a web application. Test cases are written by testers to validate the expected behavior of the application. In Selenium, test cases are written using programming languages and Selenium WebDriver methods.
6. Test Suite
A test suite is a collection of test cases that are grouped together for execution. It allows testers to organize and manage test cases efficiently. Test suites help in executing multiple test cases in a sequence or parallelly. Test suites can be created using testing frameworks like TestNG or JUnit.
7. Test Runner
A test runner is a tool or component that executes test cases or test suites. It provides a platform to run tests and generates test reports. Test runners are responsible for executing test cases in the specified order and reporting the test results. In Selenium, test runners can be integrated with build tools like Maven or Gradle.
8. Assertion
An assertion is a validation point in a test case that verifies the expected outcome. It is used to compare the actual result with the expected result and determines whether the test case has passed or failed. Assertions help in ensuring the correctness of the application under test. Selenium provides assertion methods to validate the expected behavior of web elements.
9. Test Data
Test data is the input or set of values that are used in test cases to validate the functionality of a web application. It can be both positive and negative data to cover different scenarios. Test data is essential for testing different combinations and edge cases. Testers can use external files or databases to store and retrieve test data in Selenium.
10. Test Environment
Test environment refers to the setup or configuration required to execute test cases. It includes the hardware, software, and network settings needed to run tests. Test environment should be similar to the production environment to ensure accurate testing results. Selenium allows testers to set up and configure the test environment based on the requirements of the application under test.
